Evidence On Global Warming Essay

Svante Arrhenius was really an erudite as he was the pioneer in discovering the concept as early as 1886 in the absence of many modern technical instruments and super computers. During December 1995, United Nations’ Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change [IPCC] , an international network of more than 2,550 scientists have confirmed that there existed many evidence of global warming and such phenomenon could not be denied ,though it is difficult to quantify. With the help of precise satellites measuring equipments and with the assistance of super computers, scientists have irrevocably proved that there are firm ground for the existence of global warming on the basis of process of large quantity of weather data’s. The other evidences of global warming are as follows: ? Tanzania’s Mount Kilimanjaro legendary snows have melted down about 81% since 1912 and it would completely disappear by the year 2020. ? Bermuda’s coastal mangrove forest is annihilated by rising sea levels. ? Over the past forty years, world ocean temperature has increased by a net 0. 12 degrees Fahrenheit. ? Glaziers at Himalayas in India are withdrawing at a record speed and it is predicted by scientists that all eastern and central Himalayan glaziers will vanish by 2025. ? Pakistan witnessed the longest drought from 1999 to 2001 which had affected about 2. 3 million people and about 16. 1 million livestock. ? As compared to 20 to 40 years before , the ice volume in Arctic ocean has decreased by 40% ? In Washington D. C, Cherry trees have advanced their blooming season. ? Europe has witnessed an extreme heat wave in 2003 and more than 25,100 people were died. ? During May 2002, southeastern parts of India witnessed heat wave which exceeded more than 120 degrees Fahrenheit and more than 1210 people died.

International Business Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words - 10

International Business - Essay Example French government started paying much attention to the issue. For example, the president Jacque Chirac as well as prime minister Lionel Jospin always emphasized the necessity to introduce more effective methods directed at market regulation in the conditions of globalization. Jospin allowed foreign organizations to buy the parts of the French companies, which were owned by the state. Thus, the company Air France was partially sold in 1998. This testifies about many changes, which were happened to France. The government of France considers cultural diversity to be a positive phenomenon that should be supported, but in general the politics of the country is directed at slowing down the globalization. France is very much concerned about the influence the globalization imposes and is looking for various ways to regulate this influence (Globalization). The protest against globalization is so active in France that not only the government but also plain people take part in this protest. A perfect example is breaking a McDonald’s symbol by a sheep farmer Jose Bove in defense of French traditions. In the survey on the issue 45% of respondent approved his actions and only 4% were against (Gordon & Meunier, 2001). It is essential to mention that French citizens do not see any difference in â€Å"globalization† and â€Å"Americanization†. Really the phenomenon under consideration is associated with â€Å"Americanization† because of the influence the international English language, high economic development, liberal policies and the influence the development of American politics, economy, technology and values impose on other countries. It is possible to state that though France is fighting against globalization, at the same time it is adjusting to its influence and moreover, takes all possible benefits from it . Economic domain is a

Examine the view that media industries view audiences as commodities Essay

Examine the view that media industries view audiences as commodities. Discuss with reference to at least two theorists - Essay Example Notwithstanding the varied nature of broadcasting in each of these systems, the fundamental purposes remain more or less the same - advocating for social and business issues, including marketing, advertising, public relations, propaganda and political communication. When it comes to entertainment, mass media plays a key role in the production and distribution of music, acting and sports (Croteau and Hoynes, 2003; Pg 15). Another crucial function of mass media is to make public service announcements in region-specific manner. Our article is going to focus exclusively on the interrelation between media industries and audiences - whether media industries view audiences as mere commodities or not. To address the concern of the main question we need to look at the socio-cultural impact of media on its audiences. It can be said without an iota of doubt that media and culture in today's world play a leading role in sustaining and reproducing contemporary societies, regardless of geographic barriers. Any society needs to replicate itself to survive, and culture inculcates ethics and behavioral patterns that make people susceptible to abide by institutionalized ways of intellection and conduct. Now while any form of media should ideally strive to promote harmony and ethical standards among the mass, it's often been observed that the 'narratives of media culture' present blueprints of both acceptable and unacceptable behavior, candying important social and political issues and thereby, distorting them. The audience tends to relate themselves, often paradoxically, to what is being fed to them rather than what needs to fed more often (Durham and Kellner, 2006; pg 9). Gradually the so ciety runs the risk of getting detached with the root of indigenous culture and moral standards. This is especially applicable to media and entertainment where subaltern imageries are often promoted. The subaltern classes are largely disintegrated in any society, and they are prone to impressionism to a great extent. The economic development and production of a state also interferes with their ideologies. In addition to this, the subaltern classes generally give active or passive consent to the existent hegemony (Media Studies, 2008). Now the question we have raised here has direct connections to exertion of political authority over media. According to Antonio Gramsci, the Italian Marxist theorist, the Italian fascism wielded its stifling authority over the media and other social, cultural and political establishments (Durham and Kellner, 2006 Pg 3). When similar situations occur, media starts acting as the mouthpiece of the hegemony, and it begins exploiting the audience as commodi ties by producing and distributing provocative materials that lack depth. The role of television can be held as a relevant topic of discussion in this regard. Charlotte Brunsdon raises a valid question pertaining to the ideologies of television programs from a nonacademic perspective. She also makes a liberalist evaluation of television audiences in the United Kingdom since the 1970s. She argues that while already tried and tested art forms such as theater, music and literature have principled values tagged with them; television is something more 'real', or in other words, has potential to be a medium of airing productions that can be comprehended by the mass in general, and that have extensive